Summary in a Minute
Radioactive Iodine (I-131) Therapy is a targeted treatment for hyperthyroidism and certain types of thyroid cancer, utilizing a radioactive (Nuclear Therapy Treatment) form of iodine that the thyroid gland naturally absorbs. This therapy effectively destroys overactive or cancerous thyroid cells while sparing surrounding tissues. Common side effects include neck pain, swelling, and mild nausea, while risks may involve potential damage to surrounding tissues, leading to hypothyroidism. The therapy is non-invasive and offers long-lasting results, often eliminating the need for surgery.
Overview
I-131 therapy is a targeted treatment for thyroid cancer, particularly papillary and follicular types. It involves the use of radioactive iodine (I-131) to destroy cancerous thyroid cells. The thyroid naturally absorbs iodine, and when administered in a radioactive form, I-131 selectively targets and kills thyroid cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding tissues. This therapy is commonly used after thyroidectomy to treat remnant thyroid tissue or metastases, improving long-term prognosis and reducing recurrence risk.
Clinical Applications
1. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC)
2. Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC)
3. Hurthle cell carcinoma
4. Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) (less common)
Indications
1. High-risk thyroid cancer patients
2. Residual thyroid tissue after surgery
3. Metastatic disease
4. Recurrent thyroid cancer
Contra-Indications
1. Pregnancy or breastfeeding
2. Severe renal impairment
3. Uncontrolled thyroid crisis
Goals of Treatment
1. Ablate residual thyroid tissue after surgery
2. Eliminate microscopic cancer cells
3. Reduce risk of recurrence
4. Improve overall survival
Treatment Protocol
1. Patient selection: High-risk thyroid cancer patients, residual thyroid tissue, metastatic
disease, or recurrent thyroid cancer.
2. Pre-treatment preparation:
– Stop thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT) 2-4 weeks before treatment.
– Follow low-iodine diet 1-2 weeks before treatment.
– Withdrawal from thyroid hormone (TSH stimulation).
3. Treatment:
– Administer I-131 orally (capsule or liquid).
– Dose: 30-200 mCi (Needs to be discussed with your Nuclear Medicine Specialist).
– Hospitalization: usually outpatient, but may require short hospital stay in certain conditions.
Post-Treatment
1. Radiation safety precautions
2. Follow-up whole-body scan (WBS) 1-3 days after treatment
3. THRT resumed 2-4 weeks after treatment
4. Regular follow-up appointments and thyroid function tests
FAQs about I-131 Therapy
During the procedure, you will receive an oral dose of radioactive iodine, either in capsule or liquid form. The treatment is quick, and you can usually go home the same day. Afterward, you may need to limit close contact with others for a short period to minimize radiation exposure.
Common side effects include temporary neck pain, swelling, mild nausea, changes in taste, and dry mouth. These side effects are generally mild and resolve within a few weeks. Your healthcare provider will discuss potential side effects specific to your situation.
Most patients can resume their normal activities shortly after the treatment, often within a day or two. However, it’s advisable to follow any specific instructions provided by your healthcare team regarding activity restrictions.
This depends on your specific condition and response to the therapy. Some patients may require follow-up treatments or monitoring, especially if they are being treated for thyroid cancer. Your healthcare provider will discuss a personalized follow-up plan with you.
Disclaimer: This information is intended for general knowledge and informational purposes only, and does not constitute medical advice. Please consult with a qualified healthcare professional for any medical concerns or treatment decisions.
Contact Information
Contact for appointments for Scans and Therapies.
Phone
+91-9650057298
+91-9355258181
Address
Sector 8, Faridabad, Haryana, India
