I-131 therapy involves administering radioactive iodine orally, usually in capsule or liquid form. The ingested radioactive iodine is selectively taken up by the thyroid gland, where it destroys part or all of the thyroid tissue, depending on the dose.
1. High success rate (up to 90%): I-131 therapy effectively cures thyrotoxicosis in up to 90% of cases.
2. Non-invasive: I-131 therapy requires no surgery, just an oral radioactive iodine dose.
3. Low risk of complications: Minimal side effects occur, with rare long-term complications or side effects.
4. Mostly an outpatient procedure: The treatment typically involves a single visit, requiring no hospitalization.
1. Radiation safety precautions (e.g., avoiding contact with pregnant women, children)
2. Risk of hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)
3. Potential for thyroid gland swelling or tenderness
The most common side effect is hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) which is the end result of this treatment in almost 60-70% of the cases. This is because the most of the thyroid gland has been destroyed by the beta radiation of Iodine-131.
In 90-95% of patients, a single dose of I-131 solves the purpose, ie either the patient becomes hypothyroid (underactive thyroid, chances are 60-70%) or euthyroid (normal thyroid, chances are 10-20%). However, remaining 5-10% of patients may require second dose of Iodine-131.
There is practically no effect on fertility, neither in male nor in female. However, it is advisable to plan pregnancy only after 1 year of completion of this treatment.
Yes of course. This is an out-patient treatment and in most cases the procedure takes maximum 1 hour to be completed.
Disclaimer: This information is intended for general knowledge and informational purposes only, and does not constitute medical advice. Please consult with a qualified healthcare professional for any medical concerns or treatment decisions.
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